Post by Four Furnaces on Sept 13, 2018 8:24:14 GMT
The four big stoves refer to the four cities with the hottest weather in China. They are the names of the four big cities with the hottest summer weather in China. They are generally concentrated in the Yangtze River Valley in southern China and the Huanghuai area in North China. The earliest period of the Republic of China, when the upper and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Valley Chongqing, Wuhan, Nanchang, Changsha hot summer climate, it is known as the "four big stoves." The list of cities is changing as climate change and weather stations migrate.
The term "stove" first reflects the public's intuitive feelings and has long been without clear definitions and standards. After the 21st century, the hot index, high temperature days, continuous high temperature days, summer mean maximum temperature and minimum temperature have been taken into account in the selection of stove cities.
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In 2017, the new four major furnaces were updated, namely, Chongqing, Fuzhou, Hangzhou and Nanchang. The National Climate Center of the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) released a list of hot cities in summer in China. The results showed that the top 10 provincial capitals or municipalities in summer were Chongqing, Fuzhou, Hangzhou and South China, respectively. Chang, Changsha, Wuhan, Ji'nan, Xi'an, Nanjing, Hefei and Nanning. Among them, the top four cities of Chongqing, Fuzhou, Hangzhou and Nanchang have been named "the new four big stoves" by many netizens.
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China's exaggerated term for hot summer cities. The earliest appearance of the "stove" city was in the Republic of China. At that time, the media said that there were "three big stoves". Chongqing, Wuhan and Nanjing were famous big cities along the Yangtze River. They lived in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River respectively. Because of the hot summer temperature, they were exaggerated by the media as "stoves". After the founding of the People's Republic of China, there was the theory of "four big stoves". There were several urban combinations, mostly cities in the Yangtze River valley. The first group is Wuhan, Nanjing, Chongqing and Nanchang; the second group is Wuhan, Nanjing, Chongqing and Changsha. The above two combinations recognize more people.
In addition to the new launch of the "seven big stoves" that the city of Zhunchang, Chongqing, Fuzhou, Tianjin, Changsha, Hangzhou, Shanghai seven hot summer climate is known as the "seven big stoves.
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In July 2017, the National Climate Center of the China Meteorological Administration released a list of hot summer cities in China. Through comprehensive analysis of meteorological data of provincial capitals and municipalities directly under the Central Government, the situation of hot summer cities in China was first announced to the public authority. The results of comprehensive analysis showed that the top 10 provincial capitals or municipalities directly under the Central Government in summer were Chongqing and Fuzhou respectively. Hangzhou, Nanchang, Changsha, Wuhan, Xi'an, Nanjing, Hefei and Nanning. Among them, the top four cities, Chongqing, Fuzhou, Hangzhou and Nanchang, have been dubbed the "New Four Furnaces" by many netizens, and Wuhan has dropped out of the top four, ranking sixth.
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It is understood that this is the first time that the meteorological department has publicized to the public authorities the situation of hot summer cities in China through a comprehensive analysis of the meteorological data of the provincial capital cities and municipalities directly under the Central Government in the past 31 years. Zhang Cunjie, a researcher at the Climate and Climate Change Assessment Office of the National Climate Center, believes that the term "stove" reflects the public's intuitive feelings, but there has been no clear definition and criteria.
It is understood that the "hot city" analysis and study, including the hot index (a major consideration of the combined effects of temperature and relative humidity on human comfort index), the number of high temperature days, continuous high temperature days, summer average maximum temperature and minimum temperature and other factors.
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According to the distribution of the average high temperature days in China in the past 31 years, there are mainly two regions with the largest number of high temperature days, one is near the Turpan Basin in eastern Xinjiang, the other is the southern China region including Hangzhou, Nanchang, Changsha, Fuzhou and other cities.
According to the results of the study, the traditional "stove" cities known to the public in the past, such as Wuhan and Nanjing, are still on the list, but they have dropped out of the top four. Zhang Cunjie said that this is related to the interdecadal variation of China's climate. "Meteorological studies show that climate change in northern and southern China has oscillations of 20 to 30 years or so. On the time scale of the whole 30 years, the temperature growth rate of cities in the Yangtze River Basin is not as fast as that of other cities, especially slower than that of many cities in northern China.
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Under the background of global warming, the degree of summer heat in China is increasing, and the list of "stoves" is getting longer and longer. Meteorological data show that from 1951 to 2010, the average temperature in China has risen by 1.38 degrees, increasing by 0.23 degrees every 10 years, which is basically consistent with global warming. Extreme high temperature events and high temperature days have expanded in scope and frequency.
Among them, the top four cities of Chongqing, Fuzhou, Hangzhou and Nanchang have been named "the new four big stoves" by many netizens.